Different types of surgeries

 Different types of surgeries

Orthopedics is a surgery that emphasizes the functional improvement of the "motor organs" consisting of the skeletal system such as bones and joints that form the core of the body, the muscles that surround it, and the nervous system that controls them. The main treatment targets are the base bones of the body and the limbs.

"Spine surgery" for the spine and spinal cord, "Hand surgery" and "shoulder surgery" for the upper limbs, "hip surgery" for the lower limbs, "knee surgery" and "foot surgery", sports injuries and disorders There are many specialized fields such as "sports medicine", "rheumatic surgery", "bone / soft tumor surgery" that deals with tumors, and "bone metabolism outpatient" that deals with osteoporosis.

Plastic surgery, on the other hand, is a surgery that improves (treats) the unsightly appearance of the body surface caused by natural abnormalities, illnesses, injuries, etc., and includes the head and face. The whole is targeted for treatment.

Treatment of burns, treatment of skin scars / keloids and natural bruise after surgery, excision of skin and subcutaneous tumors, facial dents and cheekbones where the eyeballs are contained Treatment of fractures is a common treatment in plastic surgery.

Deformity correction surgery for innate deformation of skull and face / jaw bone, plastic surgery for facial inborn abnormalities such as cleft lip, palate, and small ear disease, reconstruction surgery for partial facial defects due to cancer or trauma, funnel chest , Corrective surgery for inborn chest deformities such as pigeon breast, reconstruction of breasts resected due to breast cancer, and plastic surgery for inborn genital abnormalities are the most plastic surgery treatments.

Inborn abnormalities of limbs such as syndactyly and polydactyly, and trauma and amputation of fingers are treated by both orthopedics and plastic surgery.

In an era when "plastic surgery" had not yet been established in Japan, orthopedics was used to treat cleft lip and burns.

Even after the establishment of plastic surgery as an academic discipline, doctors who perform "plastic surgery" and "cosmetic surgery" developed from plastic surgery until it is recognized as a department that can be called as a clinical department externally , I used to call myself "Orthopedic Surgery", which is a department of plastic surgery that includes the word "Orthopedics" which means to shape.

For this reason, "plastic surgery" and "cosmetic surgery" are still sometimes used as "orthopedics", but this is incorrect.

The locomotorium is a general term for bones, muscles, joints, nerves, etc. that are involved in physical exercise.

Each exerciser works in cooperation, and even if one of them is bad, the body does not move well.

Also, multiple locomotoriums can be damaged at the same time.

Orthopedics is a clinical department dealing with diseases of the locomotorium. Most of the injuries caused by sports injuries, traffic injuries, and occupational accidents are orthopedic diseases.

Orthopedics handles injuries such as cuts and strains, bruises, sprains, fractures, dislocations, joint injuries, spinal cord injuries, open fractures, and cut fingers and limbs.

Trauma not handled by orthopedics includes head / face injuries, heart / lung injuries, abdominal injuries and other organ injuries, and urinary / genital injuries.

"Cosmetic surgery" is a field of plastic surgery, and so-called "cosmetic surgery" is performed.

For the purpose of improving appearance, typical surgery includes eyelid surgery such as double eyelids, nasal prosthesis to raise the nose, face lift to remove slack in the neck of the face, and liposuction to remove excess fat in the abdomen and buttocks. , Surgery to shape the eyelids, surgery to remove the bruise with a laser, etc.

In addition, injection of collagen, hyaluronic acid, etc., which is said to be petit shaping recently, is also performed in cosmetic surgery.

Some patients may misunderstand that  orthopedics" is displayed at medical institutions that perform cosmetic surgery, but "orthopedics" is a locomotorium that controls movements such as bones, joints, muscles, and nerves. It is a field to treat dysfunction of.

In orthopedics, a doctor (orthopedic surgeon) treats bones, joints, muscle tendons (motor organs), limb nerves (peripheral nerves), and spinal cord. Diagnosis is made based on physical examination findings and examinations such as X-ray (X-ray) and MRI, and treatment is performed by medication, injection, surgery, rehabilitation, etc. according to the symptoms and pathological condition.

At the osteopathic clinic (sekkotsuin), a judo rehabilitator performs sprains and bruises with cold compresses, hot compresses, massages, and physical therapy. A Judo rehabilitation teacher is not a doctor, but is qualified for the same medical practice as Anma / Massage and Acupuncture / Moxibutionist. Our business scope is to treat sprains and bruises caused by trauma and first aid for fractures and dislocations, and we cannot handle chronic diseases such as osteoarthritis and frozen shoulders.

It is illegal to go to a bone clinic for a disease other than trauma using health insurance.