Pakistan Basic Knowledge

 Pakistan-Basic Knowledge

Basic knowledge

English name: IslamicRepublic of Pakistan

Urdu: یم الساہیر و ہ مجکاپناتس

"Pakistan" means "clean country" in Persian. It is also said to be derived from the five major regions and Islamic states that make up Pakistan: Punjab, Afghania, Kashmir, Islamic, Sindh, and Balochistan. ..

In addition, since the word "paki" is sometimes used as a derogatory term in English-speaking countries, it is better to avoid calling it "paki" by omitting the country name.

National flag

The Pakistani flag is a flag with a white crescent moon and stars designed on a green background. Green is a symbolic color of Islam, white is a non-Muslim minority, the crescent is progress, and the stars are light and knowledge.

Area·

In the north, there are the Karakorum Mountains and Hindu Kush Mountains, which are said to be the roofs of the world, and high altitude mountains such as K2 (elevation 8,611m) and Nanga Parbat (elevation 8,126m) rise. In addition, the Khyber Pass extends to the border on the Afghanistan side, the Thar Desert extends to the border on the Indian side, and the Rann of Kutch extends to the south. From the north to the Arabian Sea, the Indus River runs across the country.

■ Capital ➡ Islamabad

English: Islamabad Urdu: مالساداب آ

Islamabad has a population of about 14.79 million (2014) and a metropolitan area of   about 69.87 million (2014).

Pakistan's climate is broadly divided into three categories: temperate summer rain climate in the northern mountainous regions, steppe climate in the north, and desert climate in the central and southern regions. There are four seasons: spring from March to May, summer from June to September, autumn from October to November, and winter from December to February. The annual rainfall is as low as 250 to 1,250 mm, but most of it is caused by the southwest monsoon that blows at the end of summer, and flood damage has occurred many times due to the torrential rain.

Population ➡ 191.71 million (2014 estimate)

The population ratio of each race is highest for Punjabis at 45%, followed by Pashtun at 15% and Sindhi at 14%.

The population ratio by language is 48% for Punjabi, 12% for Sindhi, 10% for Saraiki, 8% for Pashto, 8% for Urdu, 3% for Balochi, 2% for Hindko, 1% for Brahui, and 8% for others. It has become.

Urdu is defined as the national language, but as mentioned above, only 8% of Pakistanis have Urdu as their mother tongue. Therefore, the official language English is used in official documents and most ministries.

Currency ➡ Pakistan Rupee

The types of coins are 5 paisa, 10 paisa, 25 paisa, 50 paisa, 1 rupee, 2 rupee, 5 rupee, and the bills are 5 rupee, 10 rupee, 20 rupee, 50 rupee, 100 rupee, 500 rupee, 1,000 rupee, There are types such as 5,000 rupees, but Paisa is rarely distributed at present. The exchange rate is 1PKR = about 1.16 yen as of November 2015.

■ Religion ➡ Islam

The population is 95% Islam (75% Sunni, 20% Shiite) and 5% others (including Christianity and Hinduism).

Religious discrimination is hard to say that freedom of religion is guaranteed, such as withdrawal from Islam, marriage of Muslim women and non-Muslim men, and blasphemy of Islam and Muhammad. Still exists. Foreign books and the Internet are also censored for religious issues.

Political system ➡ Federal republic

Head of State: President Asif Ali Zardari

Diet: Bicameral

Senate has a capacity of 100 people and a term of 6 years

The House of Representatives has a capacity of 342 people and a term of 5 years

The main political parties are the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP), the Pakistan Muslim League (PML) Nawas (PML-N), and the Kaid-e-Azam (PML-Q). ), Genejo (PML-J), Functional (PML-F, or Pagaro), Unified Action Council (MMA: Muttahida Majris-i-Amal), Unified National Movement (MQM: Muttahida Qaumi Movement), Awami National Party (ANP), etc.

Political and economic trends

The Pakistani government has been on the pro-US route since independence, but in recent years the pro-US route has been reviewed after President Musharraf (then), who was the flag bearer of the pro-American faction, resigned in 2008. There are also moves to deepen relations with China, giving a glimpse of changes in diplomatic policy.

On the economic front, in addition to the traditional weakness of the economic base, we have suffered from domestic political conflicts and low foreign investment. In such a situation, despite the underdeveloped infrastructure such as a serious power shortage, the GDP growth rate in the range of 5 to 8% was achieved between 2004 and 2007, attracting worldwide attention. I collected it. However, due to changes in the international environment, the growth rate slowed between 2008-09 and the unemployment rate also rose. Since then, it has been regaining stability and is currently growing at 3-4%. However, on the political front, terrorism, assassination of ministers and house arrest have continued since 2010, and in 2013 there are still many issues such as the incumbent Prime Minister Zarari being charged with national treason. In 2014, Malala Yousafzai won the Nobel Peace Prize, but terrorism continues in 2015, including the murder of ambassadors to Norway and the Philippines.