Who was William Shakespear

 William Shakespeare

William

Shakespeare (English: William Shakespeare, April 26, 1564 (Baptismal Day)-April 23, 1616  (May 3, Gregorian Calendar)) is an English playwright, poet, and English.・ He is also a representative of Renaissance theater. He is also said to be the best writer of English literature due to his inner psychological depiction of his outstanding human observing eyes. The enormous amount of work he left behind is also a valuable linguistic material for understanding the reality of Early Modern English .

He was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, entered London around 1585, and was an up-and-coming playwright in 1592. In about 20 years until he retired around 1613, the four tragedy "Hamlet" "Macbeth" "Othello" "King Leah", "Romeo and Julius" "Venice Merchant" "Summer Night Dream" " He left behind many masterpieces such as Julius Caesar. He also has narrative poems such as Venus and Adonis, especially Sonnets, which are still considered one of the best psalms today.

He was ranked fifth in the 2002 BBC's "100 Greatest Britons" poll.

The Chinese character notation (borrowed character) of "Shakespeare" in Japan is "Sayoshi Hia", but this is the Chinese notation "Shakespeare" (traditional Chinese character "Shakespeare") "莎" "Sha" and "A" are abbreviated as "A", and "Kichi" is used instead of "Shi". In the Meiji era, when the work was just introduced to Japan, it was sometimes written as "Shakespeare" .

Life

This section describes William Shakespeare's personal history. See the section on his work for his writing history and changes in style.

First half life

William Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon, Kingdom of England. His father, John Shakespeare, was a successful leather glove merchant from Snitterfield and a city council member who was once elected mayor. His mother, Mary Arden, was the daughter of a gentleman and had a very wealthy family environment. The two married around 1557 and settled on Henry Street. William's exact birthday is unknown, but it is recorded that he was baptized in Christianity on April 26, 1564.

This is Shakespeare's oldest official record, as his birth certificate was not issued during the Elizabethan era. Traditionally, the birthday was April 23, as it was customary at the time to hold the baptismal ceremony within three days of his birth, but it is based on historical evidence that directly indicates this. is not it. Since this day is St. George's Day commemorating St. George's Day, the patron saint of England in the calendar of saints, it is a day suitable for England's greatest dramatist, and Shakespeare was April 1616. Since he died on the 23rd (May 3 in the Gregorian calendar), the fact that his birthday is also April 23 would be symmetrical, supporting this presumption.

Shakespeare's parents had a total of eight children. John (1558), Margaret (1562-1563), William, Gilbert (1566-1612), Joan (1569-1646), Anne (1571-1579), Richard (1574-1613) Year), Edmond (1580-1607).

His father was wealthy when Shakespeare was born, but lost his mayoral post after being charged with being involved in the wool black market. Some evidence suggests that both his paternal and maternal families may have been Roman Catholics.

It is estimated that Shakespeare would have attended King Edward VI School, a grammar school in the heart of Stratford.  Edward VI, who bears the name of the school, has nothing to do with the origin of the school's establishment, and it was Roman Catholic who was involved in the founding, which was opened in the early 15th century, which dates back to the time of Edward VI. The Elizabethan era grammar school had different levels of education, but the school focused on Latin grammar and literature. Students are baptized in Latin theater as part of the lecture. This is to help you become proficient in Latin by actually playing it.

It is speculated that Shakespeare learned at this school that Shakespeare's earliest play, The Comedy of Errors, was similar to Plautus's play, The Two Menaechmuses.one of. Since the school was donated to Stratford by a Catholic priest in 1482, local boys have been admitted free of charge, and it is believed that their father was a celebrity in the town and would have received some education. Other grounds. There is a theory that he dropped out because his family had fallen, but since the school's register was dissipated in the first place, there is no definite evidence that Shakespeare was enrolled, and it is unknown whether he went on to higher education or not.

On November 29, 1582, 18-year-old Shakespeare married a 26-year-old woman, Anne Hathaway. It is likely that the wedding was held there, as she was mistakenly described in one official document as a "Temple Grafton man" close to Stratocaster. Hathaway's neighbors, Furuk Sandals and John Richardson, have written a guarantee that the marriage was unobstructed. By this time, Anne was already three months pregnant, so it seems she had to hurry up to her ceremony.

On May 26, 1583, the baptismal ceremony of her eldest daughter Susanna was held in Stratford. In 1585, her eldest son, Hamnett, and her second daughter, Judith, were born and baptized on February 2. The two are named after Shakespeare's friend bakery Hamnet Sedler and his wife Judith. Hamnet died in 1596 and a funeral was held on August 11.

There are few other records of the years between her marriage and her appearance on the London theater. During the seven years from 1585, when the twins were born, to 1592 (discussed below), which was mentioned by Robert Green, it was completely unknown where and what he was doing, why he moved from Stratford to London, and so on. Some legends remain about the circumstances during this period, such as "I was driven away from my hometown by a deer thief," "I was a teacher in the country,"

The theory that Shakespeare was teaching in Lancashire was proposed by EAJ Honigman in 1985, and was written by Lancashire aristocrat Alexander Horton on August 3, 1581 to his half-brother Thomas Horton. Based on the will. In addition to mentioning plays and stage costumes and writing that if the younger brother does not take care of the actors, he will give them to his relative Sir Thomas Hesketh, "William Shakespeare, who currently lives with me." There was a request from Hesketh to take care of "William Shakeshaft", and it is said that this Shakespeare person is Shakespeare. It is John Cotton, a former Shakespeare teacher, who connects Shakespeare from Stratford with the Houghton family in Lancashire. Honigman claims that Cotton, who was born in Lancashire and was a neighbor of the Houghton family, recommended Shakespeare as a teacher. Michael Wood would have had some relationship with Shakespeare's Globe Theater trustee, Thomas Savage, who was married to a neighbor mentioned in his will about 20 years later. He added that the surname Shakespeare was commonplace in Lancashire at the time.

Researchers who take the Lancashire theory (John Joseph Bagley, Masahide Yuki, Shoichiro Kawai, etc.) noticed that the actors who later deepened their interaction with Shakespeare were in another theater company, and Shakespeare was also in the theater company they were in. I presume that he entered as an actor. Henry Stanley, the 4th Earl of Derby, who is close to Houghton and Hesquez, is a neighbor of Hesquez, and his eldest son, Lord Strange's Ferdinando Stanley (later the 5th Earl of Derby), has the theater company "Lord Strange's Men". Shakespeare, who left the Houghton family, joined Lord Strange's Men with the introduction of Hesquez and became acquainted with actors such as Richard Burbage. It is said that he wrote the drama. In addition, Shakespeare's debut work "Henry VI, Part 1" was performed by Lord Strange's Men in the Rose Theater on March 3, 1592.